datetime:2020/9/17 14:35
author:nzb
api接口自动化测试
- 配置文件数据库配置
DATABASES = {
'default': {
'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.mysql',
'NAME': 'sign_server',
'USER': 'root',
'PASSWORD':'123456',
'PORT': 3306,
'HOST': '127.0.0.1',
'TEST':{ # 测试数据库，每次测试都会自动创建，测试完后会自动删除
'NAME': 'test_sign_server',
'CHARSET': 'utf8mb4',
'COLLATION': 'utf8mb4_general_ci'
},
'OPTIONS': {
'charset': 'utf8mb4'
}
}
}
- 测试示例
from django.test import TestCase
import json
from pprint import pprint
from django.urls import reverse
from rest_framework import status
from rest_framework.test import APITestCase
from sign.models import SignInfo
class SignTests(APITestCase):
def test_sign(self):
"""签到"""
print("开始测试")
url = reverse('sign-list')
# url：/api/sign/
for user_id in range(1, 21):
data = {'pro_id': 1, "obj_id": 1, "obj_type": 0, "user_id": user_id, "sign_type": 0}
response = self.client.post(url, data, format='json')
self.assertEqual(response.status_code, status.HTTP_200_OK, response.data)
self.assertEqual(response.data.get("code"), 10000, response.data)
# 用户1第二条记录
data = {'pro_id': 1, "obj_id": 2, "obj_type": 0, "user_id": 1, "sign_type": 0}
response = self.client.post(url, data, format='json')
self.assertEqual(response.status_code, status.HTTP_200_OK, response.data)
self.assertEqual(response.data.get("code"), 10000, response.data)
ins_id = response.data.get("results", {}).get("id")
# 详情
url = reverse('sign-detail', args=[ins_id])
# url：/api/sign/21/
response = self.client.get(url)
self.assertEqual(response.status_code, status.HTTP_200_OK, response.data)
self.assertEqual(response.data.get("code"), 10000, response.data)
self.assertEqual(response.data.get("results", {}).get("status", None), 0, "用户签到状态错误")
# 修改处理状态
url = reverse('sign-detail', args=[ins_id])
# url：/api/sign/21/
data = {"status": 2}
response = self.client.put(url, data, format='json')
self.assertEqual(response.status_code, status.HTTP_200_OK, response.data)
self.assertEqual(response.data.get("code"), 10000, response.data)
self.assertEqual(SignInfo.objects.get(id=ins_id).status, 2, "修改处理状态出错")
# 补签(用户2在补签一个， obj_id=2)
url = reverse('sign-list')
# url：/api/sign/
data = {'pro_id': 1, "obj_id": 2, "obj_type": 0, "user_id": 2, "sign_type": 1,
"extra4": "我要补签", "extra_explain": json.dumps({"extra1": "扩展1说明", "extra2": None, "extra3": None,
"extra4": "补签说明", "extra5": None, "extra6": None})}
response = self.client.post(url, data, format='json')
self.assertEqual(response.status_code, status.HTTP_200_OK, response.data)
self.assertEqual(response.data.get("code"), 10000, response.data)
self.assertEqual(response.data.get("results", {}).get("sign_type", None), 1, "补签失败")
self.assertEqual(response.data.get("results", {}).get("extra4", None), "我要补签", "补签的额外字段错误")
self.assertEqual(SignInfo.objects.filter().count(), 22, "总数量不对")
# 用户1的签到历史
url = reverse('sign-list') + "?offset=0&limit=1&user_id=1"
# url：/api/sign/?offset=0&limit=1&user_id=1
response = self.client.get(url)
self.assertEqual(response.status_code, status.HTTP_200_OK, response.data)
self.assertEqual(response.data.get("code"), 10000, response.data)
self.assertEqual(response.data.get("count"), 2, "用户1的数量不对")
# 签到扩展字段说明
url = reverse('sign-detail', args=['extra_explain']) + "?pro_id=1&obj_id=2&obj_type=0"
# url：/api/sign/extra_explain/?pro_id=1&obj_id=2&obj_type=0
response = self.client.get(url)
self.assertEqual(response.status_code, status.HTTP_200_OK, response.data)
self.assertEqual(response.data.get("code"), 10000, response.data)
self.assertEqual(len(response.data.get("results", [])), 1, "额外参数说明错误")
其中用drf注册的路由系统，反向解析如下
- 源码
routes = [
# List route.
Route(
url=r'^{prefix}{trailing_slash}$',
mapping={
'get': 'list', # 列表
'post': 'create' # 创建
},
name='{basename}-list', # 本例中：sign-list， basename：url中的别名
detail=False,
initkwargs={'suffix': 'List'}
),
# Dynamically generated list routes. Generated using
# @action(detail=False) decorator on methods of the viewset.
DynamicRoute(
url=r'^{prefix}/{url_path}{trailing_slash}$',
name='{basename}-{url_name}', # 装饰器的接口：detail=False
detail=False,
initkwargs={}
),
# Detail route.
Route(
url=r'^{prefix}/{lookup}{trailing_slash}$',
mapping={
'get': 'retrieve', # 详情
'put': 'update', # 更新
'patch': 'partial_update', # 更新
'delete': 'destroy' # 删除
},
name='{basename}-detail', # 本例中：sign-detail， basename：url中的别名
detail=True,
initkwargs={'suffix': 'Instance'}
),
# Dynamically generated detail routes. Generated using
# @action(detail=True) decorator on methods of the viewset.
DynamicRoute(
url=r'^{prefix}/{lookup}/{url_path}{trailing_slash}$',
name='{basename}-{url_name}', # 装饰器的接口：detail=False
detail=True,
initkwargs={}
),
]
- 注意
- 被action修饰的接口尽量不用下划线连接，否则reverse不能反向解析，如果使用了下划线，只能这样
url = reverse('sign-detail', args=['extra_explain']) + "?pro_id=1&obj_id=2&obj_type=0" - detail=True：
reverse("sign-extra", args=[1])- 结果：
/api/sign/extra/
- 结果：
- detail=False：
reverse("sign-extra")- 结果：
/api/sign/1/extra/
- 结果：
- 如果测试的接口有用到其他表信息：比如用户表可以直接用表创建用户
- 被action修饰的接口尽量不用下划线连接，否则reverse不能反向解析，如果使用了下划线，只能这样